Thursday, 11 September 2014

Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch Retina

Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch 

Retina (2013) Review

Continuous Web surfing over wireless until battery drained. Longer is better.

MacBook Pro 15-inch (2013)
Apple MacBook Pro with Retina Display
ASUS UX51Vz-DH71
MSI GS70 2OD-002US
Category Average (as of 08/31/14)
8:57
8:02
5:56
4:59
6:34
Minutes (Higher is Better)
 0:00
 1:50
 3:40
 5:30
 7:20
 9:10
 11:00
  • Battery LifeBattery Life
  • Bioshock Infinite (high, 1080p)Bioshock Infinite (high, 1080p)
  • Display Brightness (Lux)Display Brightness (Lux)
  • Hard Drive SpeedHard Drive Speed
  • Overall Performance (Geekbench 3)Overall Performance (Geekbench 3)
  • Sound VolumeSound Volume
  • Spreadsheet PerformanceSpreadsheet Performance
  • World of Warcraft (auto, native)World of Warcraft (auto, native)
  • World of Warcraft (autodetect, 13x7)World of Warcraft (autodetect, 13x7)
With its crazy-sharp 2880 x 1800-pixel resolution, the 15-inch MacBook Pro with Retina Display set a new standard for laptop screens when it debuted last year. Since then, Windows notebook makers have rolled out Retina-like competitors, but now Apple is out to leapfrog the field again. Starting at a lower $1,999 ($2,599 as configured), the new 15-inch Retina MacBook Pro adds Intel's fourth-generation Core processor for better performance and battery life along with much faster flash memory. Our config came fully loaded with 16GB of RAM, 256GB of flash storage and Nvidia GT 750M graphics. Plus, Apple now includes its new iWork and iLife suites for free. The result is a 4.5-pound dream machine for power users.

Design

Apple didn't change anything about the 15-inch MacBook Pro's design, but we're not complaining. The silver aluminum chassis has the same solid and premium look and feel as before, with a black bezel around the display providing a pop of contrast. On the lid you'll find Apple's trademark backlit logo, and the deck houses a backlit keyboard flanked by two speakers.
Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch Retina (2013)
Weighing 4.5 pounds and measuring 14.1 x 9.7 x 0.71 inches, the 15-inch MacBook Pro is small enough to fit on airline tray (we tried it), but it won't leave room for much else. This machine isn't ideal for frequent travelers (it's about a pound heavier than the new 13-inch Pro) but if you really need a lot of horsepower on the road you'll probably be fine with the larger footprint.
Among other 15-inch Windows notebooks that are comparable in size to the MacBook Pro, theASUS Zenbook UX51Vz weighs 4.6 pounds and measures a taller and wider 15 x 10 x 0.2-0.8 inches. The Dell XPS 15 Touch is a touch larger at 14.6 x 10 x 0.3-0.7 inches, but weighs a fraction less, at 4.44 pounds.

Ports

Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch Retina (2013) PortsThe left side of the 15-inch Retina MacBook Pro houses two new Thunderbolt 2 ports that promise twice the bandwidth of the original Thunderbolt. We're talking up to 20 Gbps, or four times faster than USB 3.0. As the world waits for blazing-fast peripherals to match, you can use one of two USB 3.0 ports (one on the left and on the right). The MagSafe 2 power connector, headphone jack and dual microphones also line the left side.
In addition to a second USB 3.0 port, the right side of the MacBook Pro has an SD Card slot and HDMI port. We still find it annoying that memory cards protrude from the notebook when inserted.

Heat and Noise

While running various benchmarks, the MacBook Pro's fan occasionally got loud enough for us to hear it from across the room, but it wasn't too disturbing.
The 15-inch MacBook Pro can run quite warm under stress. After playing "World of Warcraft" for 15 minutes, the bottom of the notebook and the center of the keyboard reached 108 degrees, We consider anything above 95 degrees to be uncomfortable. At least the touchpad stayed a cool 80 degrees.
Fortunately, this laptop remained fairly chilly after streaming a Hulu video for 15 minutes. The bottom center area registered 84 degrees, the touchpad 78 and the area between the G and H keys 91 degrees. That same hot spot from our gaming test--the underside near the hinge-reached 94 degrees.

Display

Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch Retina (2013) DisplayEven after a year we're still smitten with the Retina Display on the 15-inch MacBook Pro. This panel is bright and offers a fantastic amount of detail along with rich and bold colors. With a resolution of 2880 x 1800 pixels, everything from app icons in Launchpad and text on websites to high-resolution photos looked razor sharp.
When viewing the full HD trailer for "Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey," the Shire looked so lush that it felt like we could reach out and touch the grass. We could also make out every wrinkle in Gandalf's forehead. Thanks to the 178-degree viewing angles, three people can easily gather around this notebook to view content.
Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch Retina (2013) ScreenWe also enjoyed an ornate 2880 x 1800-pixel image of a Japan pagoda at night. The gold-and- azure-blue structure popped off the screen, and we could discern very fine details in the facade.
The 15-inch MacBook Pro's screen is plenty bright, too. The panel measured 324 lux on our light meter, compared to 267 lux for the Asus Zenbook UX51vz. The category average is 202 lux.
Our only complaint about this panel is that it can be difficult to read outdoors due to glare. Viewing angles were narrow as we tried to take some photos of the screen.
The only 15-inch notebook we've reviewed that comes close to this MacBook Pro in terms of resolution is the Asus UX51Vz, which has a 2880 x 1660-pixel screen. Dell's new XPS 15 has an even higher 3200 x 1800-pixel display, but both it and the ASUS lack the Mac App Store's more than 250 apps optimized for Retina Displays.

Audio

With two speakers on either side of the keyboard, the 15-inch Retina MacBook Pro offers clear audio even at maximum volume. The notebook filled most of our hotel room with sound when we cranked up Ellie Goulding's "Burn." Her raspy vocals really penetrated yet balanced nicely with the pulsating beat. However, we do wish this MacBook had a richer bottom end.

Webcam

Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch Retina (2013) Screen WebcamApple continues to outclass most Windows notebook makers with its FaceTime HD cameras. The 1280 x 720p camera atop the 15-inch MacBook Pro captured a warm and accurate image of our face as we waited for a flight. There was a bit of fuzziness in the shot, but we could easily make out details in our shirt and jacket.

Keyboard and Touchpad

Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch Retina (2013) KeyboardThe 15-inch MacBook Pro line keeps the same great layout as it predecessor, with black keys that provide plenty of travel and snappy response. Each key is individually backlit, making it easy to type in dim lighting. We also noticed zero flex as we typed this review. The top row houses several handy direct actions keys, including brightness controls, shortcuts for Mission Control and Launchpad and media controls.
The 4.1 x 3-inch glass touchpad on this laptop is as smooth and reliable as ever. We especially like the ability to show the desktop (spread with three fingers) and launch Mission Control (four fingers up). Swiping in with two fingers from the right shows your alerts in the Notification Center. Unlike many Windows machines, pinch-to-zoom and two-finger scrolling is like butter.

Performance

We reviewed the high-end configuration of the 15-inch Retina MacBook Pro, which was built to delight multitaskers. Our model features a fourth-generation 2.3-GHz Intel Core i7 quad-core processor, a whopping 16GB of RAM, and 256GB of PCIe flash memory. There's also Nvidia GeForce GT 750M discrete graphics on board with 2GB of video memory.
Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch Retina (2013) PerformanceWhether you're processing RAW images or transcoding video, you'll have a hard time getting this system to flinch under a heavy load. Plus, the Pro flew through various benchmarks.
The 15-inch MacBook Pro started off strong with a 14-second boot time, which is a second faster than the last-gen model and more than twice as fast as the average Windows notebook. However, the ASUS Zenbook UX51vz booted Windows 8 in just 9 seconds.
On Geekbench 3, which measures overall performance, the latest Pro notched 13,652. That beats the older model's already impressive 11,928 score by 14 percent, which sported a 2.3-GHz quad-core Intel Core i7 processor, 8GB of RAM, 256GB of flash storage and Nvidia GeForce GT 650M graphics with 1GB of video memory. The new MacBook also nearly doubles the category average (6,971).
To put this number in perspective, the MacBook Pro runs circles around the MSI GS70 gaming notebook with a 2.4-GHz Intel Core i7-4700HQ CPU with 16GB of RAM, dual 128GB SSDs and Nvidia GeForce GTX 765M GPU with 2GB of video memory. That rig scored 9,717 on the same test. The Asus ZenBook UX51Vz (2.2-GHz Intel Core i7-3632QM, 8GB of memory, 256GB SSD, Nvidia GT 650M graphics) registered only 8,672, but it used an older third-gen Intel chip.
Next, we fired up Cinebench R15, which measures CPU and graphics performance (more on the latter below). On the processing portion of this test the 15-inch MacBook Pro scored 598, compared to 552 for the older model.
The PCIe SSD inside the new MacBook Pro absolutely screams. The flash storage duplicated 4.97 GB of files in just 16.5 seconds, good for a transfer rate of 309 MBps. That's much higher than the last MacBook Pro's 196 MBps and nearly seven times the category average. The ASUS Zenbook UX51V was slightly faster at 318 MBps, but the MSI GS70 was about half as fast at 154 MBps. The latest Alienware 17 reached 182 MBps.
To further test the 15-inch MacBook Pro, we ran our OpenOffice Test, which matches 20,000 names and addresses using a Macro. The new 15-inch MacBook Pro finished in 4 minutes and 14 seconds, more than a minute faster than the 5:35 category average. The ASUS UX51V finished in a slightly slower 4:33 but the MSI GS70 (4:08) and Alienware 17 (3:42 were faster).
Lastly, we transcoded a 720p video trailer on both the new and older 15-inch MacBook Pro in iMovie after applying the Dream effect and using the Enhance tool. The latest model took 1 minute and 6 seconds to finish our task, versus 1:20 seconds for the earlier MacBook. Apply that speed advantage across a bigger project and this system could save you some serious time.

Graphics

Our configuration of the MacBook Pro is a graphics powerhouse, as it features both Intel Iris Pro graphics and a discrete GeForce GT 750M card with automatic graphics switching. Even if you don't opt for the discrete GPU, Apple says the new Pro supports dual display output at up to 2560 x 1600 pixels, a boon for creative pros.
The 15-inch Pro proved its mettle in the OpenGL portion of Cinebench, scoring 54.08 fps. The previous model yielded 46 fps. On the separate and older Cinebench 11.5, which we've run on several Windows laptops, the 15-inch Pro notched 45.1 fps, compared with a higher 60 fps for the MSI GS70 and 64 fps for the Alienware 17. However, the older Pro only mustered 33 fps.
What about gaming? You can actually play certain titles at a smooth frame rate, even at the MacBook Pro's native resolution. On "World of Warcraft," the system delivered 49 fps on Good and 2800 x 1800 pixels (with an incredible level of detail) but that dropped to an unplayable 24.7 fps on Ultra. When we dipped the resolution down to 1920 x 1200 pixels and left the settings on Good, the MacBook Pro's frame rate jumped to 80.7 fps.
The similarly priced ASUS UX51Vz with Nvidia GT650M graphics offered comparable performance on the same tests. At its native 2880 x 1620 resolution, the ASUS registered 47 fps on Good and 26 fps on Ultra.
Nevertheless, the 15-inch MacBook Pro is no match for dedicated gaming rigs -- even cheaper models. On the same game the MSI GS70 (Nvidia GeForce GTX 765M GPU with 2GB) reached 73 fps on max settings and 1920 x 1080 pixels. Although that resolution option wasn't available on the MacBook, it posted a much lower 39 fps on Ultra and 1920 x 1200 pixels. If you're willing to dial the setting back at this resolution, the Apple laptop can achieve 81 fps. The Alienware 17 cracked 103 fps on Ultra and 1080p.

Battery Life

Apple promised an extra hour of battery life, and it delivered. Thanks to a combination of Intel's Haswell architecture and some efficiencies gained in OS X Mavericks, the 15-inch MacBook Pro lasted 8 hours and 57 minutes in the LAPTOP Battery Test. This test continuously surfs the Web at 40 percent brightness. The previous MacBook Pro lasted 8:02. The 15-inch Asus Zenbook UX51Vz with Haswell lasted only about half as long at 4:38.
credit to http://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/laptops/macbook-pro-15-inch-2013#sthash.IN62PxBT.dpuf

Dell XPS 15

Dell XPS 15 Review

Continuous Web surfing over wireless until battery drained. Longer is better.

Dell XPS 15 (2013)
Apple MacBook Pro with Retina Display
ASUS UX51Vz-DH71
Category Average (as of 08/31/14)
7:07
8:02
5:56
6:34
Minutes (Higher is Better)
 0:00
 1:40
 3:20
 5:00
 6:40
 8:20
 10:00
  • Battery LifeBattery Life
  • Bioshock Infinite (high, 1080p)Bioshock Infinite (high, 1080p)
  • Display Brightness (Lux)Display Brightness (Lux)
  • Display Brightness (Nits)Display Brightness (Nits)
  • Hard Drive SpeedHard Drive Speed
  • Metro Last Light (high, 1080p)Metro Last Light (high, 1080p)
  • Overall Performance (Geekbench 3)Overall Performance (Geekbench 3)
  • Sound VolumeSound Volume
  • Spreadsheet PerformanceSpreadsheet Performance
  • World of Warcraft (auto, native)World of Warcraft (auto, native)
  • World of Warcraft (autodetect, 13x7)World of Warcraft (autodetect, 13x7)
The 2013 Dell XPS 15 enters the premium 15-inch notebook arena with the highest resolution screen we've seen yet (3200 x 1800 pixels), a 4th-gen Intel Core processor and a 512GB SSD wrapped within a sleek and thin design. Priced at $2,299 (starting at $1,499), this Windows 8.1 laptop is a productivity workhorse and has plenty of entertainment value, thanks to its Nvidia GPU and powerful speakers. But can it outshine competitors such as the 15-inch MacBook Pro?

Design

The Dell XPS 15 keeps it simple on the exterior, with a bare aluminum chassis that features a black Dell logo in its center. A subtle checkerboard pattern runs through the notebook's carbon fiber bottom panel, which has a long horizontal speaker on its top edge, a vent at the bottom, and a small aluminum flap in the center that flips up to reveal the device's service tag.
Inside, the XPS 15 has a 15.6-inch Gorilla Glass NBT screen surrounded by a black bezel. The notebook was easy on our wrists, with a soft-touch covering that extends across the bulk of the body and wraps around the power button on the top left. The cozy material extends across the curved island keys, which sit in the body's depressed center.
The XPS 15 measures 14.6 x 10 x 0.7 inches, making it a smidge wider and longer than the 15-inch MacBook Pro with Retina Display (14.1 x 9.7 x 0.71 inches) but slightly shorter than the 15 x 10 x 1.2-inch, $1,939 ASUS Zenbook UX51Vz-DH71.
Weight-wise, the 4.6-pound XPS 15 is on a par with the 4.6-pound Zenbook UX51Vz and 15-inch MacBook Pro (4.5 pounds). Despite its large footprint, we found the notebook easy to carry.

Ports

The XPS 15 packs all of its ports on its thin left and right edges. The left side hosts a power input, HDMI, a mini DisplayPort, two USB 3.0 ports, and a headphone jack. On the right, you'll find a 3-in-1 media card reader, a USB 2.0 port, and an additional USB 3.0 port.

Display

Dell claims that the XPS 15 is the highest-resolution 15-incher on the market, as our fully loaded configuration came with a 3200 x 1800-pixel UltraSharp QHD touch-enabled display. This is higher than both 15-inch MacBook Pro's 2880 x 1880 Retina Display as well as the 1920 x 1080 screen found on the Zenbook UX51Vz.
The HD trailer for "X-Men: Days of Future Past" dazzled on the Dell, as the wrinkled skin of Professor X was just as crisp and detailed as the blue facial scales and glowing yellow eyes of Mystique. Thanks to the XPS 15's 160-degree viewing angles, the video remained bright and vivid at various viewing points.
The XPS' screen was just as impressive when viewing a hi-res photo of a wet daffodil, as we could clearly see each individual bead of water surrounding the flower's bright yellow petals.
The XPS screen is quite bright, as it measured 341 lux on our light meter. That's brighter than the 324-lux MacBook Pro 15-inch, the 277-lux Zenbook UX51Vz, and category average of 208 lux.

Audio

Even with speakers on its bottom, the XPS 15 delivers impressive audio. When jamming Kings of Leon's "Supersoaker," we could clearly hear the jumpy bass interweaving with the twangy guitars. Kanye West's "All of the Lights" was equally satisfying, as the notebook's speakers were able to retain the song's thumping drums and haunting horns.
The included Dell Audio app allows for some basic equalization, with sliders for bass, treble, dialog, and stereo. There's a bass boost option if you have external speakers plugged in, and the Midnight switch will instantly bring your music down to a non-disruptive volume.
The XPS 15 played a 84-decibel tone on the LAPTOP Audio Test, making it slightly softer-sounding than the 87-decibel category average.

Webcam

The XPS 15's HD webcam will get the job done for video chats, but you won't be wowed by its picture quality. The self-portrait we snapped on the notebook was lacking in facial detail, and the entire photo was filled with fuzzy pixelation.

Keyboard and Touchpad

The contoured island keys on the XPS 15 delivered springy feedback. We were able to type 65 words per minute on the Ten Thumbs Typing Test, which is 2 wpm higher than our experience with the Zenbook UX51Vz.
Common secondary functions such as play, pause, brightness, and volume control are located within the F1 to F12 keys. (We wish these were direct action keys.) The notebook doesn't have the Zenbook UX51Vz's numpad, but as a result, the layout is more comfortable.
The Dell keyboard's backlight was mostly bright throughout, but we noticed less light coming from the Function and Windows keys at the bottom, as well as both sets of Ctrl and Alt.
The XPS 15's 4.1 x 3.1-inch touchpad is comfy and intuitive, with a soft-touch texture and a small gray indicator that separates left and right click. The touchpad was responsive to both clicks and taps, and we had no issues performing various functions, such as sliding left to right to switch apps and pinching to zoom.

Heat and Noise

Though the XPS 15 has an attractive and slim design, it occasionally became a bit too hot for our liking. After 15 minutes of streaming HD video, the laptop's touchpad registered a cool 74 degrees. However, both the laptop's underside and G and H keys reached temperatures of 98 degrees, and the area near the laptop's main vent reached a troubling 120 degrees. We consider anything above 95 degrees uncomfortable.
The notebook was even hotter after playing 15 minutes of "Bioshock Infinite," as the touchpad reached 89 degrees, the G and H keys 111, and the middle of the underside hit 103 degrees. The notebook's normally quiet vent also became very noisy after our play session.

Performance

We reviewed a fully loaded XPS 15, which packs a 3.2-GHz Intel Core i7-4702HQ processor with 16GB of RAM and 512GB of flash memory. By comparison, the 15-inch MacBook Pro we tested has a 2.3-GHz Core i7 processor with the same RAM and 256GB of flash memory, while the Zenbook UX51Vz contains a 2.1-GHz Intel Core i7 CPU with 8GB of RAM and dual 128GB SSD drives.
The XPS 15 booted Windows 8.1 in 14 seconds, which is equal to the 15-inch MacBook Pro (loading OS X) and just a second longer than the Zenbook UX51Vz's boot time.
We streamed "The Hunger Games" on Netflix with 10 tabs open in Chrome to test the XPS 15's everyday use capabilities, and didn't experience a hint of slowdown.
The notebook netted 11,630 on the Geekbench 3 performance test, falling short of the MacBook Pro 15-inch's whopping score of 13,652 but beating the 9,599 category average.
The XPS 15 scored a 573 on the the Cinebench CPU test, which is just under the 15-inch MacBook Pro's 598 and much higher than the category average of 154.
The XPS 15's SSD transferred 4.97 GB of files in 22 seconds, equaling a transfer rate of 231.3 MBps. That's not quite as speedy as the 15-inch Pro (309 MBps) or the Zenbook UX51Vz (238 MBps), but it's still more than four times as fast as the 51 MBps category average.
To further test the XPS 15's real-world capabilities, we ran our OpenOffice test, which has a notebook pair 20,000 names and addresses. Our XPS 15 completed the task in 4 minutes and 14 seconds, which is tied with the MacBook Pro 15-inch and faster than the Zenbook UX51Vz (4:59) and the 5:31 category average.

Graphics

Our maxed-out XPS 15 sports a Nvidia GeForce GT 750M GPU with 2GB of graphics memory. By comparison, our configuration of the 15-inch MacBook Pro has the same GPU while the older Zenbook UX51Vz features an Nvidia GeForce GT650M GPU with 2GB of VRAM.
When playing "World of Warcraft" on Ultra settings, the game ran at 30 fps at the Dell's native 3200 x 1800 resolution. That's less than the category average of 38 fps, but the MacBook Pro was a lower 25 fps at these settings, while the Zenbook UX51Vz outperformed both at 43 fps. To be fair, the Zenbook's native resolution is much lower than the Dell and Mac.
The more visually lush "Bioshock Infinite" ran at 23 fps on Ultra settings at the XPS 15's native resolution, which is higher than the 16 fps category average. Things ran more smoothly when dialed down the resolution to 1080p. We saw 56 fps on low settings, though an unplayable 23 fps with the settings on high.
Another graphically demanding game, "Metro: Last Night," was nearly unplayable on Ultra settings, running at 13 fps at 1366 x 768 and 4 fps at native resolution. Still, the notebook's 1366 x 768 Ultra performance matches the 13 fps category average.
Battery Life
The XPS 15's 91-Whr battery provides above-average endurance. The notebook lasted a solid 7 hours and 7 minutes when surfing the web continuously on the LAPTOP Battery Test. The Dell beat out the Zenbook UX51Vz (5:56) and category average of 5:37, though it failed to topple the 15-inch MacBook Pro's impressive runtime of 8:57.

Software

The Dell XPS 15 runs Windows 8.1, which brings some small upgrades to Microsoft's touch-friendly OS. Aside from Microsoft apps like SkyDrive, Xbox Music, and Office, the XPS 15 comes preloaded with several Dell applications.
The My Dell app allows you to scan your laptop and back up files, while Dell Audio provides customizable sound settings for your speakers, headphones, and microphone. The Dell Shop app allows you to shop Dell products and purchase repair packages without opening your browser.
The bundled PocketCloud storage app provides 2GB of cloud storage with a free PocketCloud account. A paid account will allow you to access files from any nearby PocketCloud-enabled device.
The Windows 8.1 app store is still growing, as it recently gained an official Facebook app as well as new Microsoft offerings like the "Halo: Spartan Assault" game and the free Movie Moments video sharing tool. You'll find common entertainment apps like Netflix, Hulu Plus, and Kindle as well as productivity tools like OneNote and Adobe Reader Touch.
One limitation, though, is that few Windows apps are optimized for the XPS 15's high-resolution displays.

Configurations

The XPS 15 starts at $1,499 with a 3.4-GHz Intel Core i5-4200H processor, 8GB of RAM, 500GB of storage, integrated Intel HD Graphics 4400, and a 1920 x 1080 touchscreen. The $1,899 model steps it up on all fronts, delivering a 3.2-GHz Intel Core i7-4702 CPU, 16GB of RAM, 1 TB of storage, an Nvidia GeForce GT 750M GPU with 2GB of VRAM, and a sharper 3200 x 1800 display. Both models pack a 61-WHr battery.
We reviewed the high-end $2,299 version of the laptop, which has the same memory, GPU, CPU, and screen as the $1,899 version, but includes a beefier 91-WHr battery and a 512GB mSATA SSD. All configurations include one year of Dell's standard technical support.
To put this price in perspective, the $2,599 model of the 15-inch MacBook Pro packs a 2.3-GHz Intel Core i7 processor, 16GB of RAM, 512GB of flash storage, and both Nvidia GeForce GT 750M discrete graphics and Intel Iris Pro integrated graphics.

Verdict

The Dell XPS 15 delivers powerhouse performance at a premium price, and you're getting a sharper screen than the MacBook Pro for $300 less (similarly configured). We also like the comfortable soft-touch deck and robust speakers. The notebook occasionally gets hot and isn't great for demanding games, but the XPS 15 makes up for those shortcomings with a 7-hour battery life that will last through the bulk of your workday.
One of the XPS 15's biggest rivals is the $2,599 15-inch MacBook Pro with Retina Display, which has the same RAM and SSD size as the fully-loaded XPS 15. We prefer the MacBook Pro for its larger selection of Retina-ready apps and longer battery life, but if you're looking for a Ultra HD Windows multimedia notebook, this Dell is a delight.
- See more at: http://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/laptops/dell-xps-15-2013#sthash.YM1t6uy3.dpuf